Ch. 7 Test

Ch. 7 Review- Cognitive Development in the First Three Years – pgs 166-188

1.     Define the  (1)behaviorist approach.

2.     Explain how children learn according to classical conditioning.  Be sure to identify the US, UR, NS, CS, CR.

3.  How do children learn according to operant conditioning?

4.     Identify the setup  and results of the Rovee-Collier mobile experiment. Identify the memory retention time and ages of infants. At what age can children generalize?

5.     What is the goal of the (2)psychometric approach

6.  How is the psychometric approach linked to IQ?

7.     Provide details about the purpose of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development test

8.  Explain the set-up of the HOME test. What aspects of the environment are evaluated.

9.  How is passive genotype-environment correlation linked to the HOME test?

10. Define early intervention. Identify the set-up and results of Project CARE and the Abecedarian Project.

11. Identify aspects of the most effective early intervention programs

12. Define schemes.

13. Identify aspects of the (3) Piagetian approach - study the chart!!

14. Define circular reactions- primary, secondary, tertiary

15. Define sensorimotor stage.

16. Understand the progression of MENTAL abilities in the 6 substages. 

17. Define representational ability.

18. Explain the abilities learned by the 6th substage.

19.  Explain the progression of object permanence in the sensorimotor stage.

20. Identify abilities that Piaget underestimated- Imitation, Categorization, Obj Permanence.  Know ages of Piaget vs newer research

21. Define the (4) information-processing approach.  Explain habituation and dishabituation. How are they measured, and how are they linked to infant cognitive development?

22. How does visual recognition memory link to the information-processing approach?

23. What do studies of habituation and novelty preference suggest about representational ability?

24. How is the info-processing approach linked to future intelligence?

25. Explain the set-up and results of the violation of expectations experiment.

26. What is the focus of the (5) cognitive neuroscience approach?

27. Define explicit, implicit, working memory.

28. What parts of the brain are responsible for short/long-term memories?

29. Understand the significance of the role of the environment on shaping the brain's memory structures.

30. What is the focus of the (6) social-contextual approach?

31. Define guided participation and provide an example. How does culture influence guided participation.

Ch. 7 Article

Read over the article "Brain Activity Shows How Babies Learn to Imitate" , and answer the following questions in your notebooks...

1. Identify the significance of imitation for infants.
2. Explain the findings from the Temple and Washington University studies regarding imitation and brain activation patterns.
3. How is the cortex of the brain organized?
4. Explain the set-up of the study.
5. According to the article, how are babies' brains wired?


Reminder: Go to the classroom for period 4B. You will need your text.

Ch. 7 Quiz

Pgs. 168-180


- Read!

- Study all aspects, terms, and studies of the behaviorist, psychometric and Piagetian approaches

- Topics you may skip: elicited imitation, duel representation hypothesis (all of pg. 179).  For Piaget's 6 substages, know the basis of what happens in each stage. (Understand what the name of each substage means)

Monday Assignments...

1. Finish your infant safety powerpoints.  Due in class Wednesday.

2. Complete the Dear Parenting assignment posted below. Also due in class on Wednesday.

3. Ch. 6 Test TOMORROW. Refer to test guidelines posted below.

Ch. 6- Dear Parenting...

646- Child Psychology

In class writing assignment

Parenting magazine responses

Pretend you are a journalist for Parenting magazine.  Readers of the magazine write in questions to you regarding any parenting issues.  Below are several letters to Parenting that you need to review.  Respond to TWO letters of your choice.  Be informative and specific in your response. Refer to class notes, textbook information and other sources from class (videos, articles, etc). Your response should be a well-developed paragraph. Begin your paragraph with Dear (name). You may work with one other classmate. Type your responses in a word document.

Value: 5 points each

Length: 10-12 sentences

Dear Parenting,

            I often wonder when my newborn baby, Owen, can see.  Can he see me at all? Does he notice moving objects?  Do you think he can recognize my face?  A baby’s vision, or lack there of, is a topic that intrigues me as a parent.  Also, can you please explain the progression of Owen’s visual abilities? 

Sincerely,

An eye opening experience

Dear Parenting,

            What should I expect over the course of my baby’s first year in her locomotive development? What will Mason's significant milestones be, and when will they occur?  In your opinion, which milestone has the most impact on changing my baby’s role with her environment?

Sincerely,

Come on baby, do the locomotion

Dear Parenting,

           

            Several times, I have heard the expression, “Your baby’s brain is plastic.”  What exactly does that mean?  I think it has something to do with the development of the brain.  Which parts of the brain are related to infant motor skills and development? Also, what do you think about videos like Baby Einstein, Baby Bach, and Baby Mozart?  Do you think they help stimulate an infant’s brain development?  Can they make my baby smarter?

Sincerely,

Paper or Plastic?

Ch. 6 Test Guidelines

646- Child Psychology

Ch. 6  Test Guidelines

RE-READ Ch. 6!

Additional Sources:

-        Holly’s cataract story

-        Ch. 6 notes handout p. 156-164

Pgs 135-150

Growth and Nutrition

1.      How does the cephalocaudal principle relate to brain growth in early childhood?

2.      Describe typical growth patterns during the first three years.

3.      Summarize tooth development from 3 months to 2 ½ years.

4.      Identify the advantages of breastfeeding. What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend? The text says several factors would increase the prevalence of breastfeeding. What are they?

5.      When can solid foods be introduced to children? Do parents generally follow these guidelines?

The Brain and Reflex Behavior

6.      What is the central nervous system?

7.      Brain stem, cerebellum, cerebrum, corpus callosum

8.      Explain lateralization.

9.      Define neurons. How does cell death relate to neurons.

10.   Define reflex.

11.   Identify primitive, postural, locomotor reflexes

12.   Explain plasticity and the brain.  (include the role of enriched environments)

13.   Read about the Romanian orphan study and results on pg 149

Pg. 150-160

1.      Explain the development and progression of the 5 senses. When do they develop? Reasons for development? 

2.      What are the key milestones in motor development?

3.      Define systems of action.

4.      Explain the purpose and details of the Denver Developmental Screening test.

5.      Explain the progression of an infant’s hand and head control.

6.      Explain the progression of self-locomotion.

7.      Distinguish between fine and gross motor skills.

8.      Define social referencing.

9.      Explain the set-up, results, and purpose of the visual cliff experiment.

10.   How do cultural differences affect motor development? Give an example.

11.   Explain Esther Thelan’s theory about the disappearance of the walking reflex and the role of the environment.

12.   What are the leading causes of infant mortality in the U.S?

13.   SIDS- causes and precautions/prevention

14.   What is the leading cause of unintentional injuries in the U.S during the first year? After the first year?

15.   What is the trend for childhood vaccinations in the U.S? Why do some parents opt not to have their child vaccinated?

16.   Define nonorganic failure to thrive

17.   Define shaken baby syndrome. When does it most likely take place? What percent of babies die within a few days?

Ch. 6- Infant Safety

Due: In class on Wednesday, Nov 13
Value: 20 points

Requirements:
     - 11 total slides (including a title slide)
     - all information on the slides must be bullet-pointed and in your own words
     - Utilize pictures/visuals on your slides
     - Expand on your bullet points in your class presentation (approx. 5 minutes)
     - 11th slide= newspaper/magazine article summary (bullet points)- you must find a relevant  
           newspaper or magazine story

Topics:
     - House safety (baby-proofing):  Think different rooms and products needed; general guidelines
     - Toy safety: stick to ages 0-3 yrs. What are appropriate toys for this age group? What toys should
           be avoided? What toys are the "best" for stimulation/ brain development?
     - Pet safety: Think about the responses/behaviors of certain pets to a new baby; baby proofing
           around pet materials/environment
     - Car seat: ages/weight regulations; DE state laws